Kitsur Shulchan Aruch


Kitzur Shulkhan Aruh 11. Mezuzahs laws


1. Demands commandment - mezuzah attached to all inputs. And even if a person in the building a few rooms, and each room several doors, designed for entry and exit, despite the fact that he usually uses only one of them, in all of them must be a mezuzah. And even if the house is now live on less people and therefore used only one door, a mezuzah should still be on all the doors. But if one of the inputs is only intended to ensure that from time to time through it loads, and to enter and exit using the other - then the entrance, which is used only for freight, not required to have a mezuzah.

2. At the gate of the court, side streets, neighborhoods and cities should also be mezuzah, as it is written, "... and upon thy gates."

3. The mezuzah must be attached to the right side of the input. And if it is installed on the left, it is non-kosher, and should remove it, install the right and to bless her. And in this case it does not matter, it establishes a lefty or not left-handed.

4. If the two houses stand side by side, and each has its own exit to the street or the courtyard, and in the wall separating them, too, there is a door, so it is not clear on which side the door should be installed mezuzah - the right side is determined by the position of the hinges. That is, the side on which the hinges are made and in which the door opens, it is considered the main part of the house, and the mezuzah mounted on the right side of the input into this part of the house. And so do only if both houses are used equally. But if one house is used more than the other - do not follow the arrangement of loops and always set the mezuzah on the right side from entering the main house, even if the door opens into another house.

5. Place the attachment mezuzah - from the beginning of the upper third of the jamb gate. If it is fixed above that place, it is kosher if spaced from the upper crossbar by a distance not less tefachim (about 10 cm). If it is attached below the upper third - you need to remove it and install correctly pronouncing a blessing. And if it is fixed at a distance of less than tefachim from the upper rungs - it also needs to be removed and attached as it should be, but not to bless it. Mezuzah must be attached at a distance of no more tefachim on external side of the entrance, but if this requirement is not met, kosher mezuzah.

6. How is attached a mezuzah? You need to roll it from the end to the beginning, that is, starting from the left edge, put it in a tube or any other case, and nailed to the doorpost oriented diagonally. And the upper end of the rolled mezuzah, that is the one where the first line is written, must be directed towards the house and the bottom, where he wrote the last line - out. And if the door jamb is not wide enough for that - it needs to be strengthened vertically, and it is better than to strengthen on the back side jamb. If it is not fixed, and just hanging out - it is not kosher. Therefore it is necessary to make sure that both of its edges, both upper and lower, have been nailed to it is not hung on a nail.

7. Before you attach the mezuzah, it is necessary to say a blessing: "(...) Who has sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to affix a mezuzah." If a person attaches more Mezuzah at the same time, enough for all of them a blessing. And if the mezuzah has fallen by itself, and he now attaches it again, he must also pronounce a blessing. But if he took her to see the wise men doubt whether you need a blessing.

8. Some of the gate there is a small gate beside the big gate, and the gate is used for input and output, and a large gate is opened only from time to time. And, if the gate and the gate are two separate entrances and shared column width tefachim need to strengthen them two mezuzah.

9. In those places where you should be wary that the mezuzah is stolen, if possible, even cut down the groove in the jamb and affix the mezuzah in the groove. But the groove depth should be less tefachim, because otherwise it will not be called "upon the posts of thy house," but "in stocks," and will be non-kosher mezuzah. And still need to make sure that at least a mezuzah situs was evident. And if you can not cut down the groove in the jamb of the house, it is in a difficult situation, we can strengthen the mezuzah on the inside of the door, but it was on the jamb, not on the wall. And you can not alienate her from the doorway to a distance of more than tefachim otherwise be non-kosher mezuzah.

10. On the home should be mezuzah only if its size is at least 4 by 4 ama ama. If its size is is 4 ama 4 ama, however its area of not less than 16 square ama as, for example, if its length is greater than the width, or if it is round, some say that the building must be mezuzah and some - what is not should.

11. The input must be provided with a mezuzah only if it has two jamb height at least ten tefachim and the crossbar above them. Even if schools are not made of wood or a material different from the material of the walls, and are formed by the walls of the house, and over the ceiling - to such access should also be mezuzah. But if the house has only one downside, as is the case when the other side of the door wall continues further (that is, the door includes passing along the walls -. Pens), then, if you continue to the wall on the left, this input is not you need to attach a mezuzah. But if it is right, wise men doubt, should there be a mezuzah or not this input, so you need to attach it without a blessing, or attach it immediately after installing the mezuzah at the other input, where it should be (no doubt), and say blessing on the first mezuzah, bearing in mind that this blessing will refer to the second. And in all cases, when a person doubts (whether the mezuzah is needed), it needs to do the same.

12. If at the entrance there are two joints, but above them there is no crossbar, but instead - a dome, arched like a rainbow, or even no stocks, and the dome itself down to the ground - if at a height of ten tefachim distance between the input side reaches 4 x tefachim, the inlet must be mezuzah. And those stores that have next to the door counter and one of the door jamb comes to ceiling beams, and another - only to the counter, the waste from entering horizontally on length ama or more, then, if you cant, reaching up to the ceiling, is located on the right side from the entrance, even attach a mezuzah on the jamb. And if the right side is a short joint, then, if it reaches a height of 10 tefachim, it strengthens the mezuzah. And if it does not reach ten tefachim, it strengthens the mezuzah on the door jamb, going from counter to ceiling, to the right of the entrance.

13. Some say that, even if the input is not provided with a door, it should be a mezuzah. And some say that definitely need to be a door to the mezuzah. Therefore, a person should not be attaching a mezuzah, until he hung door. And we should not first attached the mezuzah and then hang the door, as well as about the mezuzah says, "to do" - that is, again, not from something already made (see chapter 9, section 6)..

14. The house is not designed for permanent residence, free from the commandments of the mezuzah. Therefore Sukka in Sukkot free from Mezuzahs (cm. Below the head 134, paragraph 8). And also the pavilions that suit at the fairs only during the fair itself, and then dismantled or thrown free of the mezuzah, but the shops are designed for continuous trading, are required to have a mezuzah.

15. The Veranda, which has three walls and a roof over them, and the fourth side is open, although its fourth wall mark the two pillars that form the "entry visibility", free of the mezuzah, since these columns are not set as the entry jambs, and how pillars supporting the roof. But if it is a wall, and on the fourth side, even when all four walls are low and do not reach up to the roof, and even if they are delicate - it should be a mezuzah.

16. privratno house, which is a small building near the gate of the court, which sits guard, gallery, on which climb to the second floor, as well as a garden house and the barn free of mezuzah, as not intended for permanent residence. But if they attach to the house, which should be a mezuzah, and the house has access to one of the buildings or the gallery - they are also required to have a mezuzah on the output of these on the street. And so the gates of courtyards, alleys, neighborhoods and cities should have a mezuzah, because they come out of the houses, which must be mezuzah. And even if there are ten houses, one open to the other, one in the third, and so on (even if the nine outer themselves free of mezuzah), they all must be mezuzah. And why is the gate, connecting the garden and the yard of a residential home, a mezuzah should be. And some say that privratno house and gallery - the entrance to the second floor - must have a mezuzah, even if there is no residential building, which would be opened to them. And so in this case you need to install them without the blessing of the mezuzah.

17. Bath, workshop tanner and mikveh free of mezuzah, because not intended for living in them in an environment befitting a person. But the barn for cattle, the room in which the grown chickens, barn and woodshed, as well as wine storage or other drinks - if they are large enough to be considered a house, they should be mezuzah. But, according to some opinions, these buildings are not required to have a mezuzah.

18. In places frequented by small children, as well as in places where sometimes wash or urinate, a mezuzah should be closed. And closing the mezuzah is sufficient only if the room is used for this purpose from time to time, but not permanently. But, if a person wants to dedicate a room for use exclusive respect for her, for example, put there for a bucket of slops, - closing the mezuzah is not enough.

19. The house and yard, in which Jews and Gentiles live, free of mezuzah.

20. Cellar, schools which, like the whole entrance, lie on the ground, free of mezuzah, since only standing upright jamb called jamb.

21. The rented house outside the Land of Israel, free from mezuzah thirty days, as long as there is not a permanent home.

22. If a person leaves the house and it settles another Jew, the first must not remove the mezuzah, and must leave them, and the second one let them pay for.

23. A person should be very careful about to fulfill the commandment of mezuzah, because it is a commandment incumbent upon each and acting all the time. And every time a person comes in and out, it must meet one the name of the Holy One, blessed be He, to remember His love and awaken from their sleep and to leave their wandering among the vain and understood again that nothing remains (to a man) forever, except the knowledge of Fundamentals of the world - and if he does, immediately wakes up and starts to follow the righteous ways. Teacher said our blessed memory: Of the one who has tefillin on his head and arm, tzitzit on clothes and a mezuzah at the entrance, we can confidently say that he does not sin: there are so many things remind him (Gd), and they and there are those angels that protect him from sin, as it is said: "Located angel of Gd around those who fear him, and delivers them"; and even said our teacher of blessed memory: "Because of the crimes against the commandment of mezuzah daughters and criminal sons die in infancy." And everyone who strictly observes the commandment of mezuzah, deserve a long life, as it says: "In order to prolong your days and the days of your sons."

24. Since the mezuzah is meant to remind the unity of His name, blessed, leaving home and entering the house, the man is obliged to kiss the mezuzah. But let him not put his hand on the mezuzah itself, and makes sure to write the name of Gd was covered with glass. And when leaving the house, he puts his hand on the mezuzah, let him say, "Gd - security, my Gd - shade for me my right hand, Gd will keep me going in and coming out, now and forever ".

25. Mezuzah on the private home should be checked twice in seven years, while a mezuzah on a public building should (so as not to bother the community) is checked twice in fifty years.


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